Conceptual Design Report for MAX 4U
The Conceptual Design Report outlines a strategy to reduce the natural emittance of the 3 GeV ring from 328 pm·rad to below 100 pm·rad.
The upgrade is carefully designed to meet strict limits on cost, installation time, and operational downtime. By preserving the shielding wall, source points and injector, MAX 4U maximises performance gains while minimising disruption and cost.
The next step after the Conceptual Design Report is the preparation of the Technical Design Report (TDR), where we aim to surpass the conceptual design emittance target by pushing the design below 75 pm·rad.
Download the MAX 4U Conceptual Design Report
Last updated January 30, 2026