The Low Density Matter branch is housing 1) the mobile coincidence spectroscopy end station (ICE, Ions in Coincidence with Electrons) at the upstream (EB01) position and 2) the permanently installed LDM-PES endstation at the downstream (EB02) position.
LDM – ICE endstation
Information on the LDM-ICE end station can be found on the Low Density Matter at MAX IV page or by contacting Noelle Walsh.
LDM-PES endstation
The permanent endstation at the LDM branch is dedicated to photoelectron and x-ray absorption spectroscopy studies on separate atoms and molecules, cluster beams, liquid beams, surfaces, and thin films. It comprises three chambers: an ionization chamber with a Scienta SES R4000 electron spectrometer, which is rotatable around the photon beam, a preparation chamber with sample transfer and treatment facilities, and a fast introduction chamber with a sample garage. Main characteristics of this system are described below.
Ionization and Analysis Chamber
| Base pressure | 10-8 mbar |
| Gas input | Gas-sending system with 4 separate gas lines and 1 liquid vapor line (under construction) |
| Beam size at sample | 120 x (10-100, slit dependent) μm2, can be increased on demand |
| Magnetic shielding | μ-metal |
| Detection | Scienta R4000 spectrometer with MCP/CCD detector |
| Angular range | 0° (spectrometer lens parallel to polarization) - 90° (spectrometer lens perpendicular to polarization). Some sample delivery systems do not allow changing the angle (contact beamline staff). |
| Sample delivery | 1. Solid samples transferred via a fast-entry chamber from air or from an argon glove box docked to this chamber. 2. Adiabatic-expansion apparatus for creating a molecular/cluster beam from gaseous/liquid parent materials (to be discussed in advance) 3. Liquid jets using a dedicated source (to be discussed in advance, more info can be found here) 4. Vapor-aggregation cluster source for creating a beam of metal and metal-oxide clusters from metallic parent materials and the cluster possible deposition for in-situ studies (to be discussed in advance) 5. Gas cell for (room temperature) gas phase samples. |
Preparation Chamber
| Base pressure | 10-9 mbar |
| Sample manipulation | 600 mm Z-travel XYZ VG Omniax manipulator with a rotation stage in horizontal arrangement |
| Sputter gun | Yes (IS 40C1 from Prevac) |
| Dosing | Gas-sending system with 4 separate gas lines and 1 liquid vapor line (under construction) |
Sample Introduction Chamber
| Base pressure | 10-8 mbar |
| Sample manipulation | Magnetic transfer arm to match the manipulator in preparation chamber |
| Sample storage | Capacity: 6 samples |